Since the 90's, the global trend has been the establishment of formal deposit guarantee systems. The rationale behind this trend is authorities' increasing concern with the stability of the financial system. This is reflected in the implementation of additional instruments for monitoring and control, as well as the consequent creation of system protection networks. Ultimate instance loans, efficient regulation and supervision, appropriate legal structures and direct protection to depositors through a guarantee system, are elements of this network designed to maintain a solid, healthy banking system.
Which of my credits are guaranteed by Fundo Garantidor de Créditos - FGC?

As determined by Resolution 3,400 of setember 6, 2006: the following credits are duly covered by the guarantee granted by the FGC:
demand deposits or deposits drawn on prior notice;
deposits in current accounts of deposits for investments;
savings accounts deposits;
time deposits, with or without the insuance of certificate;
deposits in accounts not drawable, by means of checks and which are used for the registration and control of flows of funds for the purpose of paying salaries, wages, retirement payments, pension payments and other similar obrigations;
bills of exchange;
real estate bills;
mortgage bills;
real estates credit bills.

The following itens are not covered by the guarantee
deposits, loan or any other resources collected or raised abroad;
operations related to program of government interested institued by law;
judicial deposits;
time deposits authorized to complete Level II of the Referency Equity(PR), as set forth under Resolution 2,837 dated May 30, 2001.
 

source:http://www.fgc.org.br/index.php?conteudo=1&ci_menu=59